Since 2020,in the face of the impact of the new crown pneumonia epidemic,Western developed countries have further implemented the policy of returning key supply chains.In December 2021,U.S.Secretary of Commerce Raimondo announced that he would seek to establish a new economic structure beyond the CPTPP,focusing on areas such as supply chain coordination,export controls,and artificial intelligence standards to maintain a”secure supply chain.”
At the same time,since 2008,under the influence of factors such as trade protectionism and the unilateral policy of the United States,multilateral trade negotiations have reached a deadlock.Mechanisms,promoting regional or bilateral multi-field cooperation,etc.,are playing an increasingly important role in promoting the global industrial chain to develop in the direction of regionalization.
2020年以来,面对新冠肺炎疫情的冲击,西方发达国家进一步实施关键供应链回归政策(见表1)。2021年12月,美国商务部长雷蒙多宣布,寻求成立一个超越CPTPP的新型经济架构,聚焦供应链协调、出口管制和人工智能标准等领域,维持“安全的供应链”。
与此同时,2008年以来,受贸易保护主义、美国单边政策等因素的影响,多边贸易谈判陷入僵局,但北美、欧盟、RCEP及美洲、非洲各类自由贸易区在构建区域内联系与对话机制、推动区域或双边多领域合作等方面发挥着越来越大的作用,促使全球产业链向区域化方向发展。
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